Energian tuotanto, kenttägeneraattorit ja muut

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One such innovation uses commonly available, filtered windshield washer fluid — which contains the key ingredient methanol — to recharge Soldiers’ mission-critical electronic devices – such as radios and situational awareness aides – while on the go.

The tool, referred to as the Soldier Wearable Power Generator (SWPG), is a small and mobile fuel cell capable of rendering power through innovative thermal energy technology. Developed in partnership with UltraCell, the SWPG weighs 5 pounds, is designed to be soldier-worn on a backplate or carried in a backpack, and can run off either filtered windshield washer fluid or a commercial methanol/water mix.

When filtered properly, 1 pound of windshield washer fluid can provide enough energy to charge the equivalent of three Conformable Wearable Batteries that weigh 7.8 pounds; the SWPG’s refillable cartridges can be as small as 1 pound or as large as 24 pounds, depending on charging needs.

Beyond charging individual batteries, the SWPG is equipped to directly support tactical, software-based systems such as Nett Warrior. It can also feed battery-charging power scavengers, such as the Universal Battery Charger-Lite and hubs like the Integrated Soldier Power and Data System-Core. While the SWPG provides a 50-watt base load on its own, it can be paired with rechargeable lithium-ion batteries to help fuel hybrid charging systems that offer increased power surges.

The apparatus, which does not get excessively hot or cause ventilation issues for the Soldiers wearing it, seeks to address the Army’s small unit power requirement of providing on-the-move recharging capabilities that extend battery life and minimize the need for frequent battery exchange or reliance on heavy generators.

The Army’s Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Cyber, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance (C5ISR) Center leads the service’s applied research and development in energy storage and power generation component technologies. “Army researchers are continually working on solutions to meet Soldiers' anticipated needs during this time of rapid modernization,” said Marnie Bailey, C5ISR Center’s Power Division Chief. “The SWPG is the latest example of using our in-house expertise to enable greater Soldier lethality.”

In addition to being compact, lightweight and more efficient than traditional recharging methods, the SWPG is also significantly quieter than conventional gasoline or diesel-powered generators — an important consideration in combat settings. The reception to the device has been positive, with Soldiers saying that the system does not interfere with their ability to conduct their operations.

US Army prototype uses windshield washer fluid to power soldier electronic devices | weapons defence industry military technology UK | analysis focus army defence military industry army

US Army prototype uses windshield washer fluid to power soldier electronic devices

www.armyrecognition.com

 

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By taking advantage of the temperature difference between a solar panel and ambient air, engineers have made solar cells that can produce electricity at night.

Compared to the 100 to 200 watts per square meter that solar cells produce when the sun is shining, the nighttime production is a trickle at 50 mW/m2. “But it is already financially interesting for low-power-density applications like LED lights, charging a cellphone, or trying to power small sensors,” says Shanhui Fan, a professor of electrical engineering at Stanford University who published the work along with coauthors in Applied Physics Letters.

Fan and his colleagues harnessed the concept of radiative cooling, the phenomenon by which materials radiate heat into the sky at night after absorbing solar energy all day and that others have tapped before to make cooling paint and energy-efficient air-conditioning. Because of this effect, the temperature of a standard solar cell pointing at the sky at night falls below ambient air temperature. This generates a heat flow from the ambient air to the solar cell. “That heat flow can be harvested to generate power,” Fan says.

These Solar Cells Produce Electricity at Night

Researchers used radiative cooling to generate enough to power LEDs or charge a cell phone

spectrum.ieee.org

The team tested their prototype TEG-integrated solar cell for three days in October 2021 on a rooftop in Stanford, Calif. The demonstration showed a nighttime power production of 50 mW/m2. The team estimates that in a hotter, drier climate, the same setup could generate up to 100 mW/m2.

“In principle, it could be possible to engineer the thermal-emission property of the solar cell to optimize its radiative cooling performance without affecting solar performance,” Fan says. “Our theoretical calculations point to the possibility of a few hundred milliwatts or maybe even 1 watt.”

 

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In generations past, infantry officers’ primary needs were ammunition, an extra pair of dry socks and enough water in the field.

But soldiers today need vast stores of power just to manage daily operations, from the batteries that power the Samsung-based Nett Warrior system that connects soldiers to the electricity that keeps command posts and operations centers running.

Those needs are set to grow within the next decade as the Army moves toward using electric vehicles on the battlefield and weighs a variety of power sources for its facilities and bases. After all, the Army’s new climate strategy imagines a battlefield that depends less on fuel and more on electricity.

It envisions the service fielding hybrid electric tactical vehicles by 2035 and moving to all-electric tactical vehicles by 2050.

To get there, the Army is preparing its first-ever operational energy strategy, which is expected by the end of the year.

Power struggle: How the US Army is tackling the logistics of battlefield electricity

An infantry soldier's primary focus was once ammunition, dry socks and enough water to survive in the field. But today there's a need for vast stores of power just to manage daily operations.

www.defensenews.com

pitkä artikkeli

 

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That energy storage is a hot topic is hardly a surprise to anyone these days. Even so, energy storage can take a lot of different forms, some of which are more relevant to the utility provider (like grid-level storage), while others are relevant to business and home owners (e.g. whole-house storage), and yet other technologies live in this tense zone between utility and personal interest, such as (electric) vehicle-to-grid.

For utilities a lot of noise is being made about shiny new technologies, such as hydrogen-based storage, while home- and business owners are pondering on the benefits of relying solely on the utility’s generosity with feed-in tariffs, versus charging a big battery from the solar panels on the roof and using the produced power themselves. Ultimately the questions here are which technologies will indeed live up to their promises, and which a home owner may want to invest in.

The Future Of Energy Storage On Both Sides Of The Meter

That energy storage is a hot topic is hardly a surprise to anyone these days. Even so, energy storage can take a lot of different forms, some of which are more relevant to the utility provider (lik…

hackaday.com

 

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How do you bottle renewable energy for when the Sun doesn’t shine and the wind won’t blow? That’s one of the most vexing questions standing in the way of a greener electrical grid. Massive battery banks are one answer. But they’re expensive and best at storing energy for a few hours, not for days long stretches of cloudy weather or calm. Another strategy is to use surplus energy to heat a large mass of material to ultrahigh temperatures, then tap the energy as needed. This week, researchers report a major improvement in a key part of that scheme: a device for turning the stored heat back into electricity.

A team at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory achieved a nearly 30% jump in the efficiency of a thermophotovoltaic (TPV), a semiconductor structure that converts photons emitted from a heat source to electricity, just as a solar cell transforms sunlight into power. “This is very exciting stuff,” says Andrej Lenert, a materials engineer at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. “This is the first time [TPVs have] gotten into really promising efficiency ranges, which is ultimately what matters for a lot of applications.” Together with related advances, he and others say, the new work gives a major boost to efforts to roll out thermal batteries on a large scale, as cheap backup for renewable power systems.

The idea is to feed surplus wind or solar electricity to a heating element, which boosts the temperature of a liquid metal bath or a graphite block to several thousand degrees. The heat can be turned back into electricity by making steam that drives a turbine, but there are trade-offs. High temperatures raise the conversion efficiency, but turbine materials begin to break down at about 1500°C. TPVs offer an alternative: Funnel the stored heat to a metal film or filament, setting it aglow like the tungsten wire in an incandescent light bulb, then use TPVs to absorb the emitted light and turn it to electricity.

Science | AAAS

www.science.org

For the new device, Asegun Henry, an MIT mechanical engineer, tinkered with both the emitter and the TPV itself. Previous TPV setups heated the emitters to about 1400°C, which maximized their brightness in the wavelength range for which TPVs were optimized. Henry aimed to push the temperature 1000°C higher, where tungsten emits more photons at higher energies, which could improve the energy conversion. But that meant reworking the TPVs as well.

With researchers at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Henry’s team laid down more than two dozen thin layers of different semiconductors to create two separate cells stacked one on top of another. The top cell absorbs mostly visible and ultraviolet photons, whereas the lower cell absorbs mostly infrared. A thin gold sheet under the bottom cell reflects low-energy photons the TPVs couldn’t harvest. The tungsten reabsorbs that energy, preventing it from being lost. The result, the group reports today in Nature, is a TPV tandem that converts 41.1% of the energy emitted from a 2400°C tungsten filament to electricity.

Henry’s team sees ways to do even better. In the 8 October 2020 issue of Nature, Lenert and his colleagues reported a mirror able to reflect nearly 99% of unabsorbed infrared photons back into the heat source. Coupling the mirror with the MIT group’s improved TPVs could yield another big boost. “We think we have a clear path to 50% efficiency,” Henry says.

 

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Wires have a lot going for them when it comes to moving electric power around, but they have their drawbacks too. Who, after all, hasn’t tired of having to plug in and unplug their phone and other rechargeable gizmos? It’s a nuisance.

Wires also challenge electric utilities: These companies must take pains to boost the voltage they apply to their transmission cables to very high values to avoid dissipating most of the power along the way. And when it comes to powering public transportation, including electric trains and trams, wires need to be used in tandem with rolling or sliding contacts, which are troublesome to maintain, can spark, and in some settings will generate problematic contaminants.

Many people are hungry for solutions to these issues—witness the widespread adoption over the past decade of wireless charging, mostly for portable consumer electronics but also for vehicles. While a wireless charger saves you from having to connect and disconnect cables repeatedly, the distance over which energy can be delivered this way is quite short. Indeed, it’s hard to recharge or power a device when the air gap is just a few centimeters, much less a few meters. Is there really no practical way to send power over greater distances without wires?

Practical Power Beaming Gets Real

A century later, Nikola Tesla’s dream comes true

spectrum.ieee.org

 

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Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have uncovered critical new details about fusion facilities that use lasers to compress the fuel that produces fusion energy. The new data could help lead to the improved design of future laser facilities that harness the fusion process that drives the sun and stars.

Fusion combines light elements in the form of plasma - the hot, charged state of matter composed of free electrons and atomic nuclei - that generates massive amounts of energy. Scientists are seeking to replicate fusion on Earth for a virtually inexhaustible supply of power to generate electricity.

Major experimental facilities include tokamaks, the magnetic fusion devices that PPPL studies; stellarators, the magnetic fusion machines that PPPL also studies and have recently become more widespread around the world; and laser devices used in what are called inertial confinement experiments.

The researchers explored the impact of adding tungsten metal, which is used to make cutting tools and lamp filaments, to the outer layer of plasma fuel pellets in inertial confinement research. They found that tungsten boosts the performance of the implosions that cause fusion reactions in the pellets. The tungsten helps block heat that would prematurely raise the temperature at the center of the pellet.

The research team confirmed the findings by making measurements using krypton gas, sometimes used in fluorescent lamps. Once added to the fuel, the gas emitted high-energy light known as X-rays that was captured by an instrument called a high-resolution X-ray spectrometer. The X-rays conveyed clues about what was happening inside the capsule.

"I was excited to see that we could make these unprecedented measurements using the technique we have been developing these past few years. This information helps us evaluate the pellet's implosion and helps researchers calibrate their computer simulations," said PPPL physicist Lan Gao, lead author of the paper reporting the results in Physical Review Letters. "Better simulations and theoretical understanding in general can help researchers design better future experiments."

The scientists performed the experiments at the National Ignition Facility (NIF), a DOE user facility at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The facility shines 192 lasers onto a gold cylinder, or hohlraum, that is one centimeter tall and encases the fuel. The laser beams heat the hohlraum, which radiates X-rays evenly onto the fuel pellet within.

"It's like an X-ray bath," said PPPL physicist Brian Kraus, who contributed to the research. "That's why it's good to use a hohlraum. You could shine lasers directly onto the fuel pellet, but it's difficult to get even coverage."

Researchers want to understand how the pellet is compressed so they can design future facilities to make the heating more efficient. But getting information about the pellet's interior is difficult. "Since the material is very dense, almost nothing can get out," Kraus said. "We want to measure the inside, but it's hard to find something that can go through the fuel pellet's shell."

"The results presented in Lan's paper are of great importance to inertial fusion and provided a new method of characterizing burning plasmas," said Phil Efthimion, head of the Plasma Science and Technology Department at PPPL and leader of the collaboration with NIF.

The researchers used a PPPL-designed high-resolution X-ray spectrometer to collect and measure the radiated X-rays with more detail than had been measured before. By analyzing how the X-rays changed every 25 trillionth of a second, the team was able to track how the plasma changed over time.

"Based on that information, we could estimate the size and density of the pellet core more precisely than before, helping us determine the efficiency of the fusion process," Gao said. "We provided direct evidence that adding tungsten increases both density and temperature and therefore pressure in the compressed pellet. As a result, fusion yield increases."

"We are looking forward to collaborating with theoretical, computational, and experimental teams to take this research further," she said.

Uncovering a novel way to bring to Earth the energy that powers the sun and stars

Plainsboro NJ (SPX) Jun 09, 2022 - Scientists at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) have uncovered critical new details about fusion facilities that use lasers to compress the fuel that p

www.spacedaily.com

 

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This revolutionary electric platform can be configured in multiple ways to include a single axle ATeMM paired with any lead vehicle, two ATeMMs connected in tandem paired to any lead vehicle, or a standalone remote/autonomously controlled tandem ATeMM.

Each ATeMM is an electric platform featuring a 200kW traction motor capable of outputting over than 5700Nm at the axle, a 47 kWh battery pack providing power to the motor and an optional Off-Board Vehicle Power (OBVP). In addition, the ATeMM offers 1,150 kg of payload. When two ATeMMs are connected in tandem, the total battery capacity is 94 kWh and the total payload is 2,300 kg.

Electricity stored in the ATeMM’s high voltage battery can provide power to both on or offboard vehicle systems while stationary or on the move, as well as power and torque to the ATeMM’s steerable drive wheels improving fuel economy and off-road performance of a connected lead vehicle. When in drive/power mode, the ATeMM transforms the vehicle system (leading vehicle + ATeMM) from a 4x4 into a 6x6 vehicle (or 8x8). This allows the ATeMM and its OBVP capability to be taken to remote locations that typical vehicle/trailer combinations cannot approach.

The ATeMM’s off-board vehicle power can provide power for command posts, communication systems, surveillance systems, tethered drones, counter UAS payloads, recharge soldier worn batteries, remote weapon stations, and augment a microgrid to reduce reliance on generators. When paired with a lead vehicle, the ATeMM’s on-board battery can power the electric motor to extend the range of the lead vehicle or propel the paired platform silently using the ATeMM’s electric motors instead of the internal combustion engine.

The ATeMM is the first of its kind, bridging the gap between legacy vehicles and the hybrid-electric technology the future requires. The ATeMM can also pair with Plasan’s Wilder to create a hybrid-electric 6x6 with 2,000 kg of combined payload and all the exportable power capabilities unique to the ATeMM.

Eurosatory 2022: Plasan unveiling ATeMM new Electric Vehicle Platform

Israeli company Plasan is unveiling its ATeMM, the all-terrain electric mission module, actually a “trailing vehicle”, not a simple trailer. The ATeMM, pro

www.armyrecognition.com

 

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USA:n armeija on tilannut konttiin sijoitettavia miniydinreaktorigeniksiä. Yllättävän nopeasti (2024) aikovat saada nuo käyttöön.

USA:n armeijan ensimmäiset siirrettävät miniydinreaktorit valmistuvat 2024 – näin ne toimivat

Reaktorit rakentaa BWXT Technologies.

www.tekniikkatalous.fi

 

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NASA on aloittanut ohjelman avaruuteen sijoitettavan fissiovoimakoneen suunnittelemiseksi. Ensimmäinen sijoituspaikka olisi kuussa.

The contracts, to be awarded through the DOE’s Idaho National Laboratory, are each valued at approximately $5 million. The contracts fund the development of initial design concepts for a 40-kilowatt class fission power system planned to last at least 10 years in the lunar environment.

NASA Announces Artemis Concept Awards for Nuclear Power on Moon

NASA and the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) are working together to advance space nuclear technologies.

www.nasa.gov

 

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Engineers at MIT and the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) have designed a heat engine with no moving parts. It converts heat to electricity with over 40% efficiency—making it more efficient than steam turbines, the industrial standard.

The invention is a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cell, similar to a solar panel’s photovoltaic cells, that passively captures high-energy photons from a white-hot heat source. It can generate electricity from sources that reach 1,900 to 2,400 °C—too hot for turbines, with their moving parts. The previous record efficiency for a TPV cell was 32%, but the team improved this performance by using materials that are able to convert higher-temperature, higher-energy photons.
The researchers plan to incorporate the TPV cells into a grid-scale thermal battery. The system would absorb excess energy from renewable sources such as the sun and store that energy in heavily insulated banks of hot graphite. Cells would convert the heat into electricity and dispatch it to a power grid when needed.

The researchers have now successfully demonstrated the main parts of the system in small-scale experiments; the experimental TPV cells are about a centimeter square. They are working to integrate the parts to demonstrate a fully operational system. From there, they hope to scale up the system to replace fossil-fuel plants on the power grid. Coauthor Asegun Henry, a professor of mechanical engineering, envisions TPV cells about 10,000 feet square and operating in climate-controlled warehouses to draw power from huge banks of stored solar energy.

“Thermophotovoltaic cells were the last key step toward demonstrating that thermal batteries are a viable concept,” Henry says. “The technology is safe, environmentally benign in its life cycle, and can have a tremendous impact on abating carbon dioxide emissions from electricity production.”

A better heat engine

A new design with no moving parts converts heat to electricity more efficiently than a steam turbine and could lead to a fully decarbonized power grid.

www.technologyreview.com

 

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A water battery capable of storing electricity equivalent to 400,000 electric car batteries will begin operating in Switzerland next week.

The pumped storage power plant was built into a subterranean cavern in the Swiss canton of Valais.

With the ability to store and generate vast quantities of hydroelectric energy, the battery will play an important role in stabilising power supplies in Switzerland and Europe.

Switzerland spent 14 years and €2 billion on this 'water battery'

A large capacity water battery in Switzerland will help stabilise European energy grids.

www.euronews.com

A water battery or pumped storage power plant is a type of hydroelectric energy storage. The battery is made from two large pools of water located at different heights.

It can store excess electricity by pumping water from the lower pool up to the higher pool, effectively “charging” the battery.

When electricity is needed, the direction of the water is reversed. The flow of water rotates a turbine which generates hydroelectric power.

The Swiss power plant, constructed by the company Nant de Drance, will be put into operation on July 1st.

The plant has six pump turbines and a total power output of 900 MW, enough to power as many as 900,000 homes.

With a storage capacity of 20 million kWh of electricity, it is hoped the water battery will play a significant role in stabilising Switzerland and Europe’s energy grids.

During periods of high demand, such as during heatwaves, the battery can reduce the likelihood of a grid overload.

 

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Finnish researchers have installed the world's first fully working "sand battery" which can store green power for months at a time.
The developers say this could solve the problem of year-round supply, a major issue for green energy.
Using low-grade sand, the device is charged up with heat made from cheap electricity from solar or wind.
The sand stores the heat at around 500C, which can then warm homes in winter when energy is more expensive.

Climate change: 'Sand battery' could solve green energy's big problem

A storage device made from sand may overcome the biggest issue in the transition to renewable energy.

www.bbc.co.uk

Right now, most batteries are made with lithium and are expensive with a large, physical footprint, and can only cope with a limited amount of excess power.
But in the town of Kankaanpää, a team of young Finnish engineers have completed the first commercial installation of a battery made from sand that they believe can solve the storage problem in a low-cost, low impact way.
"Whenever there's like this high surge of available green electricity, we want to be able to get it into the storage really quickly," said Markku Ylönen, one of the two founders of Polar Night Energy who have developed the product.
The device has been installed in the Vatajankoski power plant which runs the district heating system for the area.
Low-cost electricity warms the sand up to 500C by resistive heating (the same process that makes electric fires work).
This generates hot air which is circulated in the sand by means of a heat exchanger.
Sand is a very effective medium for storing heat and loses little over time. The developers say that their device could keep sand at 500C for several months.
So when energy prices are higher, the battery discharges the hot air which warms water for the district heating system which is then pumped around homes, offices and even the local swimming pool.

 

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Today’s batteries, with their graphite anodes and lithium metal oxide cathodes, don’t handle extreme temperatures very well. High temperatures exacerbate the already highly chemically active environment inside a battery cell, causing side reactions that decompose the electrolyte and other battery materials, resulting in irreversible damage. Low temperatures, meanwhile, thicken the liquid electrolyte, so lithium ions move through it sluggishly, leading to power loss and slow charging.

Insulating the battery or novel ways to heat it up from the inside help address the cold temperature issues. Researchers have also previously engineered the electrolyte to expand battery temperature range, but that improves performance either at low or high temperatures, not both at once.

The heart of the new extreme-temperature battery that Chen and his colleagues have reported in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences is a new electrolyte formulation. They make it by dissolving a lithium salt in dibutyl ether (DBW) solvent. Unlike the ethylene carbonate solvent used today in batteries, DBE does not freeze at temperatures down to -100 °C, says Chen. It also does not evaporate easily. Plus, DBE molecules bind weakly to lithium ions, so lithium ions move through it more freely, even in freezing temperatures.

The new electrolyte also works well in a lithium-sulfur battery. These batteries, with a lithium metal anode and sulfur cathode, promise at least twice the energy density of conventional lithium-ion batteries. Plus, their use of low-cost sulfur in the cathode is a big advantage. “Their performance-to-price ratio is very high,” Chen says.

But lithium-sulfur batteries typically last only for 40 to 50 charging cycles. The reactive sulfur cathodes dissolve during battery operation, and lithium metal anodes tend to form spiky growths called dendrites that can pierce the battery separator, causing a short circuit. These issues get worse at high temperatures.

A Lithium Battery That Goes to Extremes

A new lithium-ion battery works just at frigid temperatures if -40°C all the way to a scorching high of 50°C. With a cathode made of sulfur, the new lithium-sulfur battery could also pack more energy than is possible with today’s chemistries.

spectrum.ieee.org

Prototype pouch cells that the team tested lasted through 200 cycles and retained more than 87 percent of their original capacity at -40 °C. At 50 °C, the battery’s capacity increases by 15 percent because, says Chen, the higher temperature increases the charge transfer and the diffusion of lithium ions through the electrolyte and onto the electrodes, “so it pushes the limit of the cell capacity and energy further.”

 

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Ehrenhalt says Ziggy can help quell consumer worries over charger availability that some surveys show to be the leading barrier to EV adoption. The black-and-white robot is built around a beefy lithium-ion battery, with GPS, camera vision, sensors, speakers and microphone. From its home base, Ziggy slurps up a 50-kilowatt-hour charge from the grid, batteries, or solar power. Users summon the robot via a mobile app or in-vehicle infotainment system. Ziggy then motors over to hold a reserved parking space where owners plug in and charge at up to a 19.2-kWh pace, roughly the peak of current Level 2 onboard capabilities. (The company plans to develop DC fast-charging capability at roughly 50 kilowatts, well below the 150-to-350-kWh peaks of the most powerful ultrafast chargers, but still a useful jolt).

The first Ziggys will be remotely piloted by humans, using a camera feed and wireless communications. Brakes and redundant ultrasonic and lidar sensors ensure Ziggy doesn’t ding cars or bump into pedestrians, and the robot can announce its presence with audible or visual warnings. Like a superpowered Roomba, the roughly 450-kilogram robot can turn on a dime or squeeze through tricky spots. And Ziggy could solve a vexing issue for EV owners who don’t plan to drive away after a battery fill-up: The need to move their car within minutes after charging is completed, to avoid additional fees and the burning anger of waiting users.

“It’s a huge advantage to just unplug your car and leave it where it is, or the car could be unplugged by a valet or other person on site,” Ehrenhalt says.

The system directly addresses struggles of would-be site operators, including the chicken-and-egg question of installing chargers for EV drivers that may or may not come. Siting, permitting and building fixed chargers can be prohibitively expensive for smaller business owners especially, or in older buildings or parking structures that lack easy grid access.

This Car Charger Bot Will Hold Your Spot

From its home base, Ziggy slurps up a 50-kWh charge from the grid, batteries or solar power. Users summon the robot via a mobile app or in-vehicle infotainment system. Ziggy then motors over to hold a reserved parking space where owners plug in and charge up.

spectrum.ieee.org

Tuosta on muuhunkin kuin autotallin energia pankiksi. Autonomisena taikka ihmisen ohjaamana se kokonsa puolesta on helppo parkkeerata moneen paikkaan, mobiilina akkuna.

 

[oml]

Cramo tuo alkukesästä markkinoille siirrettävän hybridi-aurinkoenergiakontin – Sunbox-aurinkoenergia- ja generaattorikontista joustavasti tehoa sähkötyökoneille

Auringosta saa kätevästi energiaa sähköverkon ulkopuolella oleville rakennustyömaille. Cramo tuo alkukesästä markkinoille siirrettävän, modulaarisen hybridi-aurinkoenergiakontin Sunboxin. Järjestelmän 20-jalan kontista riittää virtaa isoillekin työkoneille. Pienempi 8-jalan kontti on sopiva...

www.koneviesti.fi

Koneviesti:

Cramo tuo alkukesästä markkinoille siirrettävän hybridi-aurinkoenergiakontin – Sunbox-aurinkoenergia- ja generaattorikontista joustavasti tehoa sähkötyökoneille​

Auringosta saa kätevästi energiaa sähköverkon ulkopuolella oleville rakennustyömaille. Cramo tuo alkukesästä markkinoille siirrettävän, modulaarisen hybridi-aurinkoenergiakontin Sunboxin. Järjestelmän 20-jalan kontista riittää virtaa isoillekin työkoneille. Pienempi 8-jalan kontti on sopiva pienlaitteiden ja valaistuksen energianlähteeksi.

Jaa

Energiakontti sisältää aurinkokennot, generaattorin ja akut, jotka vähentävät hukkaenergiaa. Kuva: valmistaja
Uutiset|Energia16.5.202214:39
Seppo Pentti
Cramo Finland Oy:ssä lähdettiin kehittämään hybridiaurinkoenergiakonttia, kun myyjät huomasivat, että aurinkosähkölle olisi tarvetta monella työmaalla. Suunnitteluun otettiin mukaan aurinkoenergiaan erikoistuneita alihankkijoita, jotta kokonaisuudesta saatiin mahdollisimman toimiva ja taloudellinen.
Cramo Finland Oy:n tuotehallinnan päällikkö Antti Puputti kertoo, että tarkoituksena on tuoda kätevästi virtaa sähköttömille työmaille.
Järjestelmä säädetään käytön mukaan
Cramon Sunbox-energiakontteja on kahta kokoa. Isompi 20-jalan Sunbox-energiakontti sopii isoille työmaille, joihin ei saada sähköä tai rakennustyömaille varaenergialähteeksi. Kokonaisuudessa on aurinkoenergiajärjestelmän lisäksi generaattori, jonka koko voidaan valita työmaan kulutuksen mukaan. Muunneltavuus lisää käytettävyyttä.
Isossa kontissa on sisällä invertterit ja 24 kWh akusto, johon aurinkosähkö varastoidaan. Pelkkien paneelien latausteho on 6,3 kW. Järjestelmän teoreettinen maksimiteho on riippuvainen sen rinnalle asetettavasta generaattorista. Järjestelmä tukee kolmivaihevirtaa ja operointijännite on 400 V.
”Kun kytkee isomman järjestelmän rinnalle Cramon valikoimasta löytyvän QAS100 -generaattorin, saadaan teoreettinen maksimiteho nostettua hetkellisesti jopa 120 kW:iin asti. Aurinkosähköllä hetkellinen maksimiteho 48 kW:iin, kun akustossa on tarpeeksi virtaa”, kertoo Puputti.
Jotta tehoja käytetä ei hukkaan, mitoituksessa järjestelmä säädetään tarpeelliselle tasolle. Tämä tarkoittaa tarpeeseen soveltuvan generaattorin valitsemista järjestelmän rinnalle.
Sunboxin toinen versio on siirrettävä 8-jalan kontti, joka soveltuu työmaille esimerkiksi pienlaitteiden lataukseen ja valaistukseen.
– Pienempi järjestelmä on rakennettu 230 V jännitteen ympärille. Teoreettinen maksimivirta riippuu myös rinnalle kytkettävän generaattorin koosta järjestelmän asettaessa sille kuitenkin 23 kW:n rajoitteen. Ilman dieselgeneraattoria hetkellinen maksimiteho on 8 kW:n tasolla, toteaa Puputti.
Cramon innovaatiossa hukkaenergia ladataan akkuihin
Lisäarvoa Cramon kehittämään järjestelmään tuo ohjaus, joka minimoi dieselgeneraattorin käyntiajan yöllä tai pilvisäällä, koska akustoihin ladattu virta riittää hetkeksi aikaa.
”Kaikki sähkö kierrätetään erillisen akuston kautta. Mikäli aurinkopaneeleista saatava hetkellinen teho ei ole riittävä ja akuston varaustila laskee, järjestelmä käynnistää automaattisesti dieselgeneraattorin. Dieselgeneraattorille on tyypillistä, ettei se pysty muuttamaan käyntinopeuttaan yhtä nopeasti kuin tehon tarve muuttuu, ja tämän takia dieselgeneraattoria joudutaan käyttämään koko ajan yliteholla, josta syntyy hukkaenergiaa. Hukkaenergialla ladataan akustoa, joten hyötysuhde saadaan merkittävästi paremmaksi”, Cramo Finland Oy:n tuotehallinnan päällikkö Antti Puputti kertoo.

 

[PstJermu]

Puuh, Suomen pinta-alasta 1/3 suota. Missä niitä "pilattuja" suoalueita on ? Ja siis mites moni ihan oikeasti käy jokaisella Suomen luonnonsuolla. Oletteko käyneet yhdelläkään ?
Kyllä on aika järjetöntä, että EU on määritellyt turpeen ja hakkeen uusiutumattomaksi energiaksi, mutta kaasun uusiutuvaksi. Eli mitä luulisitte mikä maa siellä EU:ssa määrää ja kuka maksaa ?

Toin nyt tämän tänne ettei Ukraina ketjussa tarvitse tästä puhua.

Turve ja turve-energian käyttö Suomessa – Bioenergia ry

Turve. Turvetta käytetään sekä lämmön- että sähköntuotantoon. Turve-energialla katettiin nelisen prosenttia kokonaisenergiankulutuksesta vuonna 2019.

www.bioenergia.fi

lainaus:
Suomessa on 9,08 miljoonaa hehtaaria turvemaata eli noin kolmannes Suomen maapinta-alasta. Siitä 0,6 prosenttia on turvetuotantoon käytettyä pinta-alaa.

 

[hemmmo]

Tuolla toisessa oli hieman keskustelua turpeen uusiutuvuudesta ja en viitsinyt sinne vastata, kun ei ketjun aiheeseen kuulunut, joten vastataan tänne.

Olen jonkun kerran tästä aiheesta keskustellut ja yleensä ensimmäinen ongelma on, ettei sanan ”uusiutuvuus” merkitystä oikein ole ajateltu loppuun. Tuo sana monesti ymmärretään etenkin turvetuotannossa yhden turvealueen palautumisnopeutena, joka on mielestäni ehdottomasti väärä tapa ajatella. Eihän esimerkiksi yksittäinen metsäkään uusiudu yhtä nopeaa, mitä metsäkone sitä niittää. Uusiutuvuus tarkoittaakin sitä, että syntyykö jotain luonnonvaraa enemmän kuin sitä käytetään. Wikipediassa myös mainitaan uusiutumisesta: ” Uusiutuvista luonnonvaroista voi kuitenkin tulla uusiutumattomia, jos niiden varastoja kulutetaan nopeammin kuin ne uusiutuvat. Esimerkiksi pohjavettä voidaan kuluttaa pohjavesivarastosta eli akviferista nopeammin kuin se täyttyy uudelleen. Silloin varasto vähitellen tyhjenee.”

Voidaan siis ajatella, että jokin luonnonvara on uusiutuvaa, jos luonto pystyy korvaamaan käytön ja uusiutumatonta, jos se vähenee käytön myötä. Tässä on hyvä lähtökohta turpeen uusiutuvuuden käsittelyyn.

Kysymykseksi siis tulee, kuinka paljon turvetta Suomen maaperässä syntyy ja kuinka paljon sitä käytetään. Suomen vuosittainen turpeen syntynopeus on säistä riippuen 5-25 miljoonaa kuutiotiota (https://tupa.gtk.fi/raportti/arkisto/p21_4_2007_18.pdf ). Vuonna 2010 Suomen turpeen kulutus oli noin 25 miljoonaa kuutiota (https://www.sitra.fi/app/uploads/20...en-vaikutukset-suomessa-tekninen-raportti.pdf ). Viime vuonna turpeen kulutus oli enää noin puolet tuosta 2010 kulutuksesta, eli noin 12,5 miljoonaa kuutiota. Tästä kuitenkin päästään tulokseen, että turpeen käyttö ja sen muodostuminen ovat Suomessa samassa suuruusluokassa. Huippuvuosina turpeen käyttö on todennäköisesti ylittänyt syntynopeuden, mutta viime vuoden käytöllä ollaan ilmeisesti ainakin hyvin lähellä syntynopeutta. Jos tätä vertaa, vaikka metsiin ja puutavaraan, jotka ehdottomasti ovat uusiutuvia, niin Suomessa metsää välillä hakataan nopeammin kuin se kasvaa ja välillä hitaammin. Turpeen osalta tilanne näyttäisi olevan aika pitkälle sama, huippuvuosina sitä on nostettu selkeästi enemmän kuin käytetty, mutta kuitenkin koko ajan käytössä on oltu suunnilleen samassa suuruusluokassa sen syntynopeuden kanssa (ei olla ikinä esimerkiksi nostettu 1000 kertaa enemmän mitä syntyy, mikä lienee hatusta vedettynä tilanne öljyn ja kivihiilen kanssa).

Yhteenvetona: turve ON uusiutuva, mikäli sen käyttö pidetään kohtuuden rajoissa eikä mennä uudestaan noiden huippuvuosien tasoon ainakaan kovin pitkäksi aikaa.

 

[zlm]

Meillä oli mökkiranta vähän saman näköinen mutta ei toki noin paha. Aluuella turvetuotantoa ja maanviljelyä.

 

[ctg]

On Friday, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) announced that it would be issuing a certification to a new nuclear reactor design, making it just the seventh that has been approved for use in the US. But in some ways, it's a first: the design, from a company called NuScale, is a small modular reactor that can be constructed at a central facility and then moved to the site where it will be operated.

The move was expected after the design received an okay during its final safety evaluation in 2020.

Small modular reactors have been promoted as avoiding many of the problems that have made large nuclear plants exceedingly expensive to build. They're small enough that they can be assembled on a factory floor and then shipped to the site where they will operate, eliminating many of the challenges of custom, on-site construction. In addition, they're structured in a way to allow passive safety, where no operator actions are necessary to shut the reactor down if problems occur.

US regulators will certify first small nuclear reactor design

NuScale will get the final approval nearly six years after starting the process.

arstechnica.com