Hypersoniset aseet

3M22 / SS-N-33 Zircon ohjuksen merikokeet alukselta tehdään loppuvuodesta 2019. Ainakin tämä lähde kertoo niin. Ohjus lentää n. 8 machin nopeudella ja sitä suojaa plasmakuori lennossa, jonka ansiosta tutkat eivät kykenisi näkemään ohjusta. Nykyiset alusten torjuntaohjukset eivät kykene näin nopeita puikkoja torjumaan. Miten tällainen pitäisi huomioida Pohjanmaa-luokan aluksilla? Laivoihin tarvitaan jo rakentamisvaiheessa suuri sähköntuottokyky jos jo 2030-luvulla ohjusten torjuntaan tarvitaan laserit.

Sitä pohdin että jos plasmakuori estää tutkasäteilyn niin miten ohjuksen oma tutkahakupää kykenee löytämään maalinsa? Osaako kukaan arvailla?

Zircon missile to be test-launched from Admiral Gorshkov frigate at end of 2019 — source
March 12, 2019

TASS:
MOSCOW, March 12. /TASS/. Russian hypersonic missile Zircon will be launched from a military ship for thie first time at the end of 2019, a source in the Russian military-industrial complex told TASS on Tuesday.
“Trials of launching a missile from a naval vessel are planned to start at the end of the year. The Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate, also known as Project 22350, from the Northern Fleet will be used,” the source said adding that earlier trials included launching Zircon missiles from land.
TASS does not have an official confirmation of this information.
http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/t...miral-gorshkov-frigate-at-end-of-2019-source/

Overview

The 3M22 Zircon or the SS-N-33 is a maneuvering anti-ship hypersonic cruise missile developed in Russia.http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/m...ssile-proliferation/russia/3m22-zircon/#_edn1 The Zircon’s estimated range is 500 km at a low level and up to 750 km at a semi-ballistic trajectory, but the state-owned media in Russia reports the range as 1,000 km.[ii] It’s a two-stage missile that uses solid fuel in the first stage and a scramjet motor in the second stage. This missile will be incorporated into the Kirov-class battlecruiser Admiral Nakhimov this year and the Pyotr Velikiy in 2022

Strategic Implications

The Zircon missile is strategically valuable due primarily to its speed. In April 2017, it was reported that the Zircon had reached a speed of Mach 8 during a test.[iv] If that information is accurate, the Zircon missile would be the fastest in the world, making it nearly impossible to defend against due to its speed alone. Another valuable aspect of the missile is its plasma cloud. During flight, the missile is completely covered by a plasma cloud that absorbs any rays of radio frequencies and makes the missile invisible to radars. This allows the missile to remain undetected on its way to the target
http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/m...ion/missile-proliferation/russia/3m22-zircon/
 
Einomies1 kirjoitti:
3M22 / SS-N-33 Zircon ohjuksen merikokeet alukselta tehdään loppuvuodesta 2019. Ainakin tämä lähde kertoo niin. Ohjus lentää n. 8 machin nopeudella ja sitä suojaa plasmakuori lennossa, jonka ansiosta tutkat eivät kykenisi näkemään ohjusta. Nykyiset alusten torjuntaohjukset eivät kykene näin nopeita puikkoja torjumaan. Miten tällainen pitäisi huomioida Pohjanmaa-luokan aluksilla? Laivoihin tarvitaan jo rakentamisvaiheessa suuri sähköntuottokyky jos jo 2030-luvulla ohjusten torjuntaan tarvitaan laserit.

Sitä pohdin että jos plasmakuori estää tutkasäteilyn niin miten ohjuksen oma tutkahakupää kykenee löytämään maalinsa? Osaako kukaan arvailla?

Zircon missile to be test-launched from Admiral Gorshkov frigate at end of 2019 — source
March 12, 2019

TASS:
MOSCOW, March 12. /TASS/. Russian hypersonic missile Zircon will be launched from a military ship for thie first time at the end of 2019, a source in the Russian military-industrial complex told TASS on Tuesday.
“Trials of launching a missile from a naval vessel are planned to start at the end of the year. The Admiral Gorshkov-class frigate, also known as Project 22350, from the Northern Fleet will be used,” the source said adding that earlier trials included launching Zircon missiles from land.
TASS does not have an official confirmation of this information.
http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/t...miral-gorshkov-frigate-at-end-of-2019-source/

Overview

The 3M22 Zircon or the SS-N-33 is a maneuvering anti-ship hypersonic cruise missile developed in Russia.http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/m...ssile-proliferation/russia/3m22-zircon/#_edn1 The Zircon’s estimated range is 500 km at a low level and up to 750 km at a semi-ballistic trajectory, but the state-owned media in Russia reports the range as 1,000 km.[ii] It’s a two-stage missile that uses solid fuel in the first stage and a scramjet motor in the second stage. This missile will be incorporated into the Kirov-class battlecruiser Admiral Nakhimov this year and the Pyotr Velikiy in 2022

Strategic Implications

The Zircon missile is strategically valuable due primarily to its speed. In April 2017, it was reported that the Zircon had reached a speed of Mach 8 during a test.[iv] If that information is accurate, the Zircon missile would be the fastest in the world, making it nearly impossible to defend against due to its speed alone. Another valuable aspect of the missile is its plasma cloud. During flight, the missile is completely covered by a plasma cloud that absorbs any rays of radio frequencies and makes the missile invisible to radars. This allows the missile to remain undetected on its way to the target
http://missiledefenseadvocacy.org/m...ion/missile-proliferation/russia/3m22-zircon/
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Datalinkkiohjaus + ulkoneva antenni ohjuksen takaosassa?
 
Pandahki kirjoitti:
Datalinkkiohjaus + ulkoneva antenni ohjuksen takaosassa?
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Eli tarkoitatko että ohjaus tulisi ilmasta? Ohjukset ovat tulossa laivoille jos tuota lähdettä uskoo. Tarkoittaisi sitä että sensori olisi lennokissa/hekossa tai jopa avaruudessa.
LRASM saa ainakin esittelyvideon perusteella maalitietoa satelliiteilta.
 
Einomies1 kirjoitti:
Eli tarkoitatko että ohjaus tulisi ilmasta? Ohjukset ovat tulossa laivoille jos tuota lähdettä uskoo. Tarkoittaisi sitä että sensori olisi lennokissa/hekossa tai jopa avaruudessa.
LRASM saa ainakin esittelyvideon perusteella maalitietoa satelliiteilta.
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Nyt en ihan seuraa? Ongelmana kait on se plasmaseinämä, jonka läpi ei radio kulje. Eri keskustelu sitten miten ohjaus ja maalinosoitus toteutetaan.
 
Pandahki kirjoitti:
Nyt en ihan seuraa? Ongelmana kait on se plasmaseinämä, jonka läpi ei radio kulje. Eri keskustelu sitten miten ohjaus ja maalinosoitus toteutetaan.
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Nykyään ASM:t käyttävät aktiivista tai passiivista hakua eli tutkaa tai IR-keilainta. Kykeneekö siis ohjuksen oma tutka mittaamaan maalia plasman läpi? Toinen vaihtoehto on sitten kai tuo jota tarkoitit eli ohjata ohjus maaliinsa jostain muualta. Loppulähestyminen pitänee kuitenkin tehdä ohjuksen omalla sensorilla että tuossa vauhdissa osutaan maaliin. Sensorin pitää kytkeytyä aika kaukaa että se ehtii lukittumaan maaliinsa ja ohjaaman puikon siihen. Kun molo pullahtaa horisontin takaa näkyviin LOS-etäisyydelle, ei aikaa ole kuin sekuntteja.
 
Sitä suojautumiskeinoa näiden Iskuvoima vastaan ei paljoa ole, meillä.
Arvatkaappa, että minkä vuoksi meikäläisen porukka on kasvanut näitä extrasyviä luolia viimeiset 10 vuotta. Miksi tehdään järjettömältä kuulostavat rakennepaksuuksia luonnonkivikaton alle.
20 metriä kalliota ja 8 metriä raudoitusta ja erikoislujia betonilaatuja.
 
Einomies1 kirjoitti:
Nykyään ASM:t käyttävät aktiivista tai passiivista hakua eli tutkaa tai IR-keilainta. Kykeneekö siis ohjuksen oma tutka mittaamaan maalia plasman läpi? Toinen vaihtoehto on sitten kai tuo jota tarkoitit eli ohjata ohjus maaliinsa jostain muualta. Loppulähestyminen pitänee kuitenkin tehdä ohjuksen omalla sensorilla että tuossa vauhdissa osutaan maaliin. Sensorin pitää kytkeytyä aika kaukaa että se ehtii lukittumaan maaliinsa ja ohjaaman puikon siihen. Kun molo pullahtaa horisontin takaa näkyviin LOS-etäisyydelle, ei aikaa ole kuin sekuntteja.
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Luin vähän lisää aiheesta, ilmeisesti tutkaohjaus + datalink (GPS, GLONASS, jne) toimii ja tuo plasmahuttu on Venäläistä liioittelua. Ohjuksen teho siis perustuu kohteen lyhyeen reagointiaikaan ja vaikeaan torjuttavuuteen nopeuden ansiosta. Samat prinsiipit siis mitä naapurin rakettitorpedossa.

Taistelukärki tulee olemaan kiinnostava näissä, oma veikkaus on että ASM-roolissa se on tungsten/DU nuoli + viivästetty HE. Jopa pelkkä panssarinuoli tekisi Mach 8 vauhdissa aivan käsittämätöntä tuhoa. Esim. normaali RKn 8g luoti tuossa vauhdissa on energialtaan lähes verrannollinen naapurin 14,5mm raskaan konekiväärin luotiin, tai viiteen .338 Lapuaan yhdessä.
 
https://twitter.com/x/status/1140765063176790018

3EtRzDZ.jpg
 
Taitaa kesätuuletus olla meneillään foorumilla, sen verran lennokkaita juttuja lentää läppänä. (Koläppa på svenska) :D
Lockheed-Martinin valmistamaa ohjusta (4kpl) on kaavailtu kuljetettavaksi mm. ”uudessa” superkoneessa nimeltä B-52. Yllättikö?

The Air Force has also expressed an interest in a new Heavy Release Capability(HRC) pylon, each of which can carry two 20,000-pound class weapons, which could also be an indication that the service is looking at this to be the full AGM-183A loadout for the B-52. A bomber carrying four ARRW would offer impressive stand-off strike capability.

https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zo...mber-carrying-the-agm-183a-hypersonic-missile
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USA:lla on ilmeisesti kehittelillä kaksi ennestään tuntematonta hypersonista asejärjestelmää, “HACM” ja “HCCW. Kummastakaan ei luonnollisestikaan tiedetä juuri mitään, mutta selvää on että USA panostaa verhojen takana tällä hetkellä kovasti rahaa useiden hypersonisten asejärjestelmien kehitykseen.


Mystery Missiles?

Beyond seven acknowledged projects aimed at developing long-range, maneuvering missiles with a top speed over Mach 5, the U.S. Defense Department is working in classified secrecy on at least two more hypersonic weapon programs, industry officials say.

The mystery of the classified projects—including such details as their development or operational status and any gaps each fills in the Pentagon’s unfolding hypersonic weapons architecture—remains unsolved. But a new clue embedded in the LinkedIn profile of a senior Defense Department hypersonic weapons expert may point to the answers.

- Seven U.S. hypersonic projects cover air-, land- and sea-based weapons
- Pentagon expert’s online profile points to existence of two more programs

Greg Sullivan, a well-regarded expert in the high-speed flight community, describes himself on the professional social media platform as an on-site supporter of air-breathing hypersonic weapons to the department’s research and engineering arm.

Sullivan’s profile also cites his knowledge of “additional hypersonic programs,” which include a nearly comprehensive list of the Pentagon’s acknowledged projects. Intriguingly, his original list also included two additional acronyms representing hypersonic programs: “HACM” and “HCCW.” Shortly after Aviation Week inquired to the Air Force Public Affairs office for details about HACM and HCCW, both acronyms were deleted from the LinkedIn page.

The Air Force does not acknowledge the existence of any program named HACM or HCCW, and no reference to either acronym appears in the military’s public documents, such as budget materials and press releases.

Two sources say they have heard vague references to the existence of a hypersonic program called HACM, but had no details, including what the acronym means. The HCCW program was not known to any sources or analysts contacted by Aviation Week.

The expert hypersonic community is an unusually tight-knit group, reflecting the technology’s mostly experimental status for decades, until its recent rise as one of the Pentagon’s top acquisition priorities. The existence of two new acronyms has prompted several speculative guesses.

Richard Hallion, a former Air Force chief historian who specializes in the history of hypersonic technology, noted that the acronym HACM could be interpreted broadly to cover almost any type of hypersonic weapon, including scramjet-powered cruise missiles or air-launched boost-glide systems.

“Well, the H is obviously [for] hypersonic,” says Hallion. “The rest suggests a mix of ‘A’ for ‘Advanced’ or ‘Air-Breathing’ or ‘Air-Launched.’ ‘C’ for ‘Conventional’ or ‘Capability’ or ‘Concept,’ [and] ‘M’ for ‘Missile.’”

MysteryM_NASA.jpg


Scramjets have recently moved to the forefront of the Pentagon’s hypersonic weapons portfolio, but so far there is no acknowledged follow-on program to produce and test an operational version of DARPA’s Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept. Credit: NASA

The meaning of the HCCW acronym proves even more elusive.

For Justin Bronk, a research fellow specializing in airpower at the Royal United Services Institute, one speculative interpretation conforms to his analytical view of a gap in the U.S. military’s weapons arsenal. If the acronym stands for “Hypersonic Counter-Cruise Weapon,” Bronk says, HCCW could be a valuable interceptor specifically tailored against high-speed, air-breathing cruise missiles.

Although the exact role and status of HACM and HCCW are unknown, industry officials have repeatedly said that at least two additional classified programs exist beyond the Defense Department’s seven acknowledged programs. The public list leaves little room for gaps to be filled by new weapons, as they already span air-, land- and sea-launched options and include two different types of boost-glide systems—winged and biconic—and a scramjet-powered cruise missile.

The plethora of planned hypersonic options are intended to serve tactical and strategic goals. On the tactical level, the Pentagon’s war planners will gain a new option for striking mobile missile launchers and countering long-range attacks on the Navy’s surface fleet by an adversary with hypersonic anti-ship missiles. The future U.S. inventory of hypersonic missiles also is intended to serve as a deterrent option short of a nuclear response, as adversaries such as China and Russia stock their arsenals with a range of new hypersonic weapons.

The Air Force alone accounts for two of the acknowledged hypersonic weapon programs: a boost-glide system with a winged glide vehicle called the Air-launched Rapid Response Weapon (ARRW). Another called the Hypersonic Conventional Strike Weapon (HCSW) relies on a less-risky biconic glide vehicle.

The ARRW, also known as the Lockheed Martin AGM-183A, is based on the Tactical Boost Glide (TBG) program, a risk-reduction effort funded by DARPA. The same winged glide vehicle also is being adapted for ground launch under DARPA’s Operational Fires (OpFires) program. Raytheon says it is developing a more advanced winged glider under the TBG program, which could be fielded as a second-generation version of ARRW.

MYSTERYM-Table_DefenseDepartmentBudget.jpg



HCSW, meanwhile, is the air-launched version of a biconic-shaped glider originally designed by Sandia National Laboratories. The Navy and Army are adapting the same original design for the sea-launched Conventional Prompt Strike (CPS) system and the Army’s ground-launched Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW).

Finally, Raytheon and Lockheed are each designing different scramjet-powered missiles under DARPA’s Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept (HAWC) program. Weaponized versions of HAWC are under study by the Air Force and Navy for air and sea launch. One possible gap in the weapons portfolio is the apparent lack of an operational follow-on program for HAWC, even though Air Force officials say the program is slightly ahead of DARPA’s TBG program. The TBG demonstrator is intended to reduce risk for the operational ARRW system, but no such operational follow-on exists publicly for HAWC.

Tom Bussing, vice president of advanced missile systems for Raytheon, acknowledged two hypersonic programs exist that he cannot speak about.

“There are probably six different types of hypersonic programs that we have,” Bussing said in a recent interview. “Some are classified, so I can’t speak [about] them because we are not at liberty to announce them.” But he named Raytheon’s role in four hypersonic programs: TBG, HAWC, CPS and LRHW.

DARPA has announced Raytheon’s involvement as one of two weapon designers for TBG and HAWC, but neither the Navy nor the Army has explained Raytheon’s role in CPS and LRHW. The Air Force has announced that Lockheed is the weapon system integrator for the HCSW variant, but no such role has been announced for the Army and Navy versions of the common glide vehicle. So far, Bussing can only acknowledge that Sandia remains the designer of the biconic glider for HCSW, CPS and LRHW.

“That technology has been transitioned over to the CPS program and also to the Army’s Long Range Hypersonic Weapon program,” Bussing said. “So we’re involved in both, and we’re working directly with Sandia.”

The Defense Department has inserted $10.5 billion into a five-year budget plan released in March to develop and field the long list of offensive and defensive hypersonic weapon systems. But a detailed check of the budgets for unclassified programs reveals a significant surplus, which could be used to fund classified projects.

The combined budget accounts for ARRW, HCSW, CPS and LRHW amount to $7.7 billion over the next five years. The Missile Defense Agency’s $700 million planned investment in counter-hypersonics raises the five-year spending total to $8.36 billion. DARPA does not release a five-year budget, but proposed to spend $222 million in fiscal 2020 on TBG, HAWC and OpFires. That still leaves an unexplained gap of about $2.5 billion in planned spending by the Defense Department on hypersonic weapons over the next five years.
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An Air Force Research Laboratory and Air Force Test Center ground test team set a record for the highest thrust produced by an air-breathing hypersonic engine in Air Force history.

"AFRL, in conjunction with Arnold Engineering Development Complex and Northrop Grumman, achieved over 13,000 pounds of thrust from a scramjet engine during testing at Arnold Air Force Base," said Todd Barhorst, AFRL aerospace engineer and lead for the Medium Scale Critical Components program.

The 18-foot-long Northrop Grumman engine endured a half hour of accumulated combustion time during the nine months of testing.

"The series of tests, ran in conjunction with AEDC and AFRL, on this fighter-engine sized scramjet was truly remarkable," said Pat Nolan, vice president, missile products, Northrop Grumman. "The scramjet successfully ran across a range of hypersonic Mach numbers for unprecedented run times, demonstrating that our technology is leading the way in delivering large scale hypersonic platforms to our warfighters."

"The plan for a larger and faster hypersonic air breathing engine was established 10 years ago during the X-51 test program, as the Air Force recognized the need to push the boundaries of hypersonic research," Barhorst said. "A new engine with 10-times the flow of the X-51 would allow for a new class of scramjet vehicles."

An evaluation of the nation's test facilities concluded that none could test an engine at this large of a scale in a thermally-relevant environment. To address the issue, AEDC's Aerodynamic and Propulsion Test Unit facility underwent a two-year upgrade to enable large-scale scramjet combustor tests over the required range of test conditions.

The AEDC team also successfully leveraged technology developed by CFD Research Corporation under the Small Business Innovative Research program. This technology proved crucial in achieving most of the required test conditions.

"Our collective team has worked hard over the past few years to get to where we are today," said Sean Smith, lead for the AEDC Hypersonic Systems Combined Test Force ground test team. "We've encountered numerous challenges along the way that we've been able to overcome thanks to the dedication and creativity of the team. We've learned quite a bit, and I'm proud of what we've accomplished. These groundbreaking tests will lead the way for future hypersonic vehicles for a range of missions."

"After years of hard work, performing analysis and getting hardware ready, it was a great sense of fulfillment completing the first successful test of the world's largest hydrocarbon fueled scramjet," added Barhorst.
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http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/A...ing_hypersonic_ground_test_milestone_999.html

Lockheed Martin Space received a $405.7 million contract modification for the U.S. Army's hypersonic Conventional Prompt Strike missile, the Defense Department said.

The company will design and construct large diameter rocket motors, associated elements and related support equipment for the Army's Intermediate Range Conventional Prompt Strike Weapon System flight test demonstrations, the Defense Department said on Tuesday.
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http://www.spacedaily.com/reports/L...ontract_for_Armys_hypersonic_missile_999.html
 
BarrelNut kirjoitti:
USA:lla on ilmeisesti kehittelillä kaksi ennestään tuntematonta hypersonista asejärjestelmää, “HACM” ja “HCCW. Kummastakaan ei luonnollisestikaan tiedetä juuri mitään, mutta selvää on että USA panostaa verhojen takana tällä hetkellä kovasti rahaa useiden hypersonisten asejärjestelmien kehitykseen.

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Hypersonic Conventional Strike Weapon (HCSW) will use solid-propellant rocket boosters to propel it to speeds of greater than Mach 5 on a more horizontal trajectory. It will use GPS guidance to reach its target, giving it the advantage over missile defence platforms, which would have to eliminate the high-speed threat much more quickly than a conventional cruise missile. A solid fuel rocket with GPS guidance, HCSW is also designed to be carried by aircraft with a planned in-service date of 2022. Lockheed Martin received $928 million to work on Hacksaw in April 2018.
These aren’t the Pentagon’s only hypersonic projects. DARPA’s Tactical Boost Glide, a weapon with a 500 nautical mile range, is set to begin flight tests in 2019. DARPA is also working on the Hypersonic Air-breathing Weapon Concept (HAWC), which uses scramjet engines to cruise at hypersonic speeds. The U.S. Navy tested an unnamed boost glide weapon in November 2017.


www.airforce-technology.com

Future of hypersonic weapons: defending against super-fast missiles

Hypersonic weapons are missiles that can travel at Mach 5 or higher, making them difficult to stop. What does the future of hypersonic weapons look like?
www.airforce-technology.com www.airforce-technology.com

www.popularmechanics.com

The First U.S. Hypersonic Weapons: Arrow and Hacksaw

The U.S. is racing to catch up with Russian and Chinese hypersonic weapons.
www.popularmechanics.com www.popularmechanics.com
 
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