Avaruus

Toinen aurinko olisi kyllä tarpeen kun taas oli aamulla -24 astetta.

https://www.avaruus.fi/uutiset/tahd...-aurinkokunnassamme-70-000-vuotta-sitten.html

21.03.2018 | Sakari NummilaVieras tähti todellakin vieraili aurinkokunnassamme 70 000 vuotta sitten

Punaisen kääpiötähden on arveltu kulkeneen aurinkokuntamme ulkolaitojen läpi noin 70 000 vuotta sitten. Nyt tästä tapahtumasta on saatu lisää todisteita.
Eurooppalaiset tutkijat ovat analysoineet 340:n niin kutsutulla hyperbolisella radalla olevan kohteen liikettä. Hyperbolisella radalla oleva aurinkokuntaan saapuva ja täältä poistuva kappale ei koskaan palaa takaisin.
"Käyttämällä numeerisia simulaatioita olemme laskeneet sijainnit taivaalta, mistä kaikki nämä hyperboliset kohteet näyttävät tulevan", selittää Carlos de la Fuente Marcos Madrid Complutensen yliopistosta.
"Periaatteessa näiden sijaintien pitäisi jakaantua tasaisesti taivaalle, etenkin jos nämä kohteet tulevat Oortin pilvestä. Huomasimme asian olevan kuitenkin varsin toisin."
Tavallista useamman pienkappaleen havaittiin tulevan Kaksosten tähdistön suunnalta. Tutkijoiden mukaan tämä selittyy hyvin Scholzin tähden ohituksella.
"Asia voi olla vain sattumaa, mutta se on epätodennäköistä, sillä sekä paikka että ajankohta sopivat yhteen", De la Fuente Marcos uskoo.
Niin sanottu Scholzin tähti sijaitsee nykyään 20 valovuoden päässä meistä. Vuonna 2015 julkaistun mallinnuksen mukaan vain noin 70 000 vuotta sitten tilanne oli toinen.
Scholzin tähden arvioitiin tuolloin ohittaneen aurinkokunnan niin läheltä, että se taivalsi aurinkokunnan äärimmäisen ulkolaidan muodostavan Oortin pilven läpi.
Oortin pilven arvellaan koostuvan miljoonista komeetoista ja sen ulkoraja on 100 000 kertaa kauempana kuin etäisyys, jolla Maa kiertää Aurinkoa. Scholzin tähti puolestaan on pieni punainen kääpiötähti, jota kiertää vielä pienempi ruskea kääpiö.
Aiheesta lisää alphagalileo (englanniksi)
Pysyvä linkki
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From the department of "you only just realised this?" come reports that the UK government has been somewhat taken aback that the EU plans to exclude Britain from the Galileo satellite programme due to Brexit.

Galileo is a European satellite constellation which, when complete in 2020, will be an alternative to the US Global Positioning System (GPS) network.

The costs, of which the UK has paid a portion, are expected to top €2.9bn (PDF) by the time the system is complete.

The initial impact will be felt by the UK's aerospace industry, which will be unable to bid on future contracts worth hundreds of millions over the coming years.

It was clear in evidence given to the UK's own EU Internal Market Sub-Committee earlier this month by industry leaders that work would be leaving UK shores as business stares down the barrel of Brexit.

The EU had already kicked off plans to move the back-up monitoring site from the UK to Spain citing, among others, security concerns.

"Security concerns" may also preclude the British military using the navigation system for which the UK has contributed towards.
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http://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/03/26/uk_struck_off_galileo_project/
 
Saksalainen projekti avaruusromun ja käytöstä poistettujen satelliittien poistoon. DLRn mukaan tällä pystyy myös huoltamaan käytössä olevia. Rahastusmalli on satelliittien huoltamisessa. En tiedä tuleeko satelliittien omistajalle pakoksi laskea satelliitin hintaan myös sen poistaminen kolmannen osapuolen huoltorobotilla.


ja NASAn katsaus heidän seuraavaan Mars luotaimeen

 
SpaceX has long talked a good game about increasing its launch cadence, but the company now appears to be delivering in a big way.
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After two launches in four days, the California-based company has now flown seven rockets in 2018—six Falcon 9 missions and one Falcon Heavy. That breaks down to one launch every 13 days this year.

This is a significant number because it brings the company within its longstanding goal of launching a rocket every two weeks. Indeed, at this pace, SpaceX will launch a total of 27 rockets in 2018, which is consistent with expectations set by the company's president and chief operating officer, Gwynne Shotwell.
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https://arstechnica.com/science/201...e-promised-land-of-launching-every-two-weeks/
 
Virgin Galactic lentää jälleen.

https://spaceflightnow.com/2018/04/...-first-rocket-powered-test-flight-since-2014/

Kyseessä on ensimmäinen koelento kolmeen ja puoleen vuoteen. Tuolloinhan onnettomuudessa menehtyi yksi lentäjä ja toinen loukkaantui. Torstaisesta lennosta kerrotaan näin:


The winged vehicle, named VSS Unity, dropped from the belly of Virgin Galactic’s carrier aircraft, VMS Eve, around 9 a.m. PDT (12 p.m. EDT; 1600 GMT) Thursday and fired its hybrid rocket motor for 30 seconds, accelerating to a top speed of Mach 1.87, nearly twice the speed of sound, the company said in a statement. Pilots Mark “Forger” Stucky and Dave Mackay were in the VSS Unity cockpit.

The drop occurred about an hour after the VMS Eve mothership took off from Mojave Air and Spaceport in Mojave, California. The carrier jet, piloted by Mike Masucci and Nicola Pecile, climbed to an altitude of around 46,500 feet (about 14,200 meters) over the Sierra Nevada Mountains.

After turning on a course back toward Mojave, the VMS Eve released the VSS Unity spaceship, and the spaceplane fired its rocket motor a few seconds later. Burning a mixture of rubber-based solid fuel — called HTPB — and nitrous oxide, the rear-mounted rocket engine propelled SpaceShipTwo to nearly twice the speed of sound as the pilots maneuvered the craft on an 80-degree climb.
After the rocket motor shut down, the craft coasted to a maximum altitude of 84,271 feet (about 25,700 meters).
 
En jaksanut selata viestiketjua läpi.
Myönnän laiskuuteni.
Muistaako joku ohjelmaa missä käsiteltiin aseistettua"avaruuskapselia"?( Ensimmäisen kylmän sodan aikoihin sijoittuva stoori)
Jotenkin jäänyt vain muistin sopukoihin.
 
Toivon, että voisin sanoa teille että sanoin tästä asiasta, mutta Kuu ja paljon vettä on tosiasia.

NAU assistant professor of planetary science Christopher Edwards co-authored a paper recently published in Nature Geoscience that has generated interest among scientists in the field as well as in mainstream science news, such as Science Daily and Outer Places.

The researchers analyzed remote-sensing data from two lunar missions and concluded that water appears to be evenly spread across the surface of the moon, not confined to a particular region or type of terrain as previously thought. Although the water is not believed to be readily accessible, the findings of this study could help researchers understand the origin of the moon's water and determine its feasibility as a future resource for space exploration.

Edwards collaborated on the study, "Widespread distribution of OH/H2O on the lunar surface inferred from spectral data," with scientists from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory and Johns Hopkins University's Applied Physics Laboratory, as well as with lead scientist Joshua Bandfield of the Space Science Institute. The study described in the paper builds on work funded through a grant awarded to Edwards by NASA and sponsored by the Space Science Institute.

"Josh Bandfield and I are longtime collaborators," Edwards said. "In fact, he is one of my oldest collaborators and was the lead author on the first paper I ever participated on when I was just an undergraduate. Josh and I have continued to work on similar problems, instruments and generally have the same approach to scientific problems so we work well together."

Edwards explains how he and his collaborators used improved technology to reach their novel conclusions.

"The study uses multiple datasets-topography and temperature-to better correct the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) spectral dataset," he said. "This improved correction has led to much better constraints on the availability of H2O (water) and OH (hydroxyl, a more reactive form of water) on the moon."

He admits he was surprised by the study's conclusions.

"To be honest, I was a little surprised at the beginning, but by the time we had finished the paper I was completely sold," Edwards said. "This work has been a long time coming. Josh, I and others submitted abstracts on this topic to the Lunar and Planetary Science Conference over the past couple of years."

As part of the ongoing project, Edwards plans to bring on a new student next year who will continue to refine this technique and look at the variety of lunar terrains to help understand how this new correction helps with the interpretation of the history of lunar volatiles.

All planetary bodies are "fair game"
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http://www.moondaily.com/reports/NA...spread_presence_of_water_on_the_Moon_999.html
 
A galactic positioning system would go a long way toward solving that problem, Arzoumian said, though he cautioned he's more a pulsar expert than a navigator. And it would work a great deal like the Global Positioning System (GPS) on your smartphone.

When your phone tries to determine its position in space, as Live Science has previously reported, it listens with its radio to the precise ticking of clock signals coming from a fleet of GPS satellites in Earth orbit. The phone's GPS then uses the differences between those ticks to figure out its distance from each satellite, and uses that information to triangulate its own location in space.

Your phone's GPS works fast, but Arzoumian said the galactic positioning system would work slower —taking the time needed to traverse long stretches of deep space. It would be a small, swivel-mounted X-ray telescope, which would look a lot like the big, bulky NICER stripped down to its barest minimum components. One after another, it would point at at least four millisecond pulsars, timing their X-ray "ticks" like a GPS times the ticks of satellites. Three of those pulsars would tell the spacecraft its position in space, while the fourth would calibrate its internal clock to make sure it was measuring the others properly.

Arzoumian noted that the underlying concept behind the galactic positioning system isn't new. The famous Golden Record mounted on both Voyager spacecraft contained a pulsar map that points any aliens who one day encounter it back to planet Earth.

But this would be the first time humans have actually used pulsars to navigate. Already, Arzoumian said, his team has managed to user NICER to track the ISS through space.

NASA's Station Explorer for X-Ray Timing and Navigation (SEXTANT) program, the team behind the Galactic Positioning System, had the goal of tracking the ISS to within 6.2 miles (10 kilometers) over the course of two weeks, Arzoumian said.

"What the demonstration back in November achieved was more like 7 kilometers [4.3 miles] in two days," he said.

The next goal for the program is to track the station to within 1.9 miles (3 km) he said. He said that eventually the team hopes to get under 0.6 miles [1 kilometer] of precision.

"I think we can get beyond that, but I don't know how far," he said.

And that's all in low-Earth orbit, he said, with the station wheeling in wild, unpredictable circles and half the sky blocked out by a giant planet, covering different pulsars every 45 minutes. In deep space, with a functionally unlimited field of view and where things mostly move in predictable, straight lines, he said, the task will be much easier.

Already, Arzoumian said, other teams within NASA have expressed interest in building the galactic positioning system into their projects. He declined to say which, not wanting to speak for them. But it seems likely that we might see such a futuristic device in action in the very near future.
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https://www.space.com/40325-galactic-positioning-system-nasa.html
 
Russia has dropped a broad hint that it might leave the space launch business to private operators.

Space launches have become a relative commodity: SpaceX publishes a price list offering a Falcon 9 trip to geosynchronous transfer orbit for US$62 million, or $90 million for Falcon Heavy.

Russia's official newsagency TASS carried a report suggesting the country might let the new generation of private launch vehicles have the business to themselves rather than try to build a platform that can compete with SpaceX.

TASS reports Deputy prime minister Dmitry Rogozin, whose role puts him at the top of the country's defense industry, said in a television interview: “The share of launch vehicles is as small as four per cent of the overall market of space services”.

Rogozin added that the global space services market is worth US$350 billion and that Russia could do better as a payload-builder than a launcher-for-hire.

“The four per cent stake isn’t worth the effort to try to elbow Musk and China aside," he said.
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http://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/04/19/russia_hints_at_satellite_launch_exit/
 

"Exploring the Red Planet with NASA's Mars Helicopter exemplifies a successful marriage of science and technology innovation and is a unique opportunity to advance Mars exploration for the future," said Thomas Zurbuchen, Associate Administrator for NASA's Science Mission Directorate at the agency headquarters in Washington. "After the Wright Brothers proved 117 years ago that powered, sustained, and controlled flight was possible here on Earth, another group of American pioneers may prove the same can be done on another world."
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http://www.abovetopsecret.com/forum/thread1206526/pg1
 
Aika mielenkiintoista, miten ne saavat pikkuruisenkaan kopterin "ilmaan", kun ilmanpaine on korkeintaan parin prosentin luokkaa Maan merenpinnan ilmanpaineesta (Wikipedian mukaan 0.6%, mutta vaihtelee suuresti vuodenajan ja sijainnin mukaan). Jospa vain höpöttelevät, mitä sylki suuhun tuo?
 
Sinun täytyy kirjautua vastataksesi.
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